0000006841 00000 n Dams average two to 4 metres in height and 20 metres in length, but sizes vary greatly from place to place. How has the dam affected people downstream in Iraq? By using dams for energy production, the air is not polluted and also greenhouse gas emissions will be lower compared to the energy production with fossil fuels. The building of the Aswan High Dam changed all of . The Ilisu dam in Turkey and the role of Export Credit Agencies and NGO networks. Excessive levels of algae often lead to lower levels of oxygen in the water, which in turn can hurt many aquatic animals. Therefore, depending on the region and the energy production potential, the construction of dams may also not make too much sense from an economic perspective. Archeologists are still discovering new artifacts in the town the most recent Neolithic settlement was unearthed in September and they estimate that most of Hasankeyfs archeological sites will be flooded before they can be excavated. Generally, hydropower is the one of the oldest and most renewable sources of energy in the world today. Thus, the decision whether the construction of a dam is reasonable or not should be made on an individual basis in order to maximize the benefits of as many people as possible. The Three Gorges Dam was built in China and it has had a lot of economic disadvantages. Access to Drinking Water, Agriculture, Built Environment, Environment, Infrastructure, Innovation, Water & Society, Water Policy, Water Productivity, Water Scarcity, Environment, Uncategorized, Water & Health, Water Quality, Access to Drinking Water, Water & Health, Water Quality, Water Technology, Climate Change, Environment, Water Scarcity. A cofferdam may be built downstream as well, but the overall goal is to keep the construction zone dry so that the main dam can be built. This makes it an effective means of generating a renewable source of energy. This is motivating a substantial land. Subscribe to the Global Water Blog e-newsletter. Please note that all the information I provide on this website is to my best knowledge. Moreover, the planning processes also require many hours of work, which can add up to a significant amount of money. On the one hand, plenty of work is needed in order to plan and construct a dam. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'environmental_conscience_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_8',189,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'environmental_conscience_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_9',189,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0_1');.large-mobile-banner-2-multi-189{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:7px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:7px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:250px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}For instance, if there are heavy rainfalls, villages may become flooded in a relatively short period of time and many people might die due to that. Why is the dam being built? Ilisu dam and hydroelectric power plant location. Farmers have to tilt their fields and ensure their water supply in order to assure the optimal growth of their crops and to maximize their yields. For instance, many people in our nowadays society suffer from high stress levels since they have a quite demanding job and have to work long hours while also having to take care of their kids. With a 1,200 . 0000006438 00000 n Local employment 12. Comparison Table for Advantages and Disadvantages of Dam. Environment protection 13. It will submerge 313 square kilometres of land, an area the size of Malta.5 Figure 1: The ilisu Dam siTe Ilisu Dam site [28][29], The construction reached 96% in June 2017. Dam construction must be started when river levels are low. Pros: 1. [2][14][15][16], Beginning in 1954 the Turkish government surveyed 53 kilometres (33mi) of the Tigris river downstream of Diyarbakr with the aim of identifying suitable locations for a hydroelectric power plant at an elevation below 550 metres (1,800ft). In the long run, water bodies may be covered with algae and the whole ecosystem may collapse. Especially in areas where there is not too much rain, the local population often depends on the water supply from reservoirs in order to get enough drinking water and also to get water for washing and showering purposes. The dam was officially completed on September 18th 2009 after 10 years of construction with an official cost reaching roughly $27 billion US dollars to date The "economic disadvantages of the three gorges dam" is a topic that has been discussed for years. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'environmental_conscience_com-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_6',146,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-large-leaderboard-2-0');Thus, during the week, there will be not much time for relaxing and it may therefore be especially important for those people to leave the city on weekends and to enjoy their time at those recreational reservoirs in order to relax and get back some mental power in order to stay healthy in the long run. 0000000827 00000 n When these glaciers disappear, so will the water supply during the dry season. The dam's system can control and manage water flow, so it is also serving as an alternative and multi-purpose structure that can produce an enormous amount of power, while at the same time controlling natural disaster. Even though water flows can be controlled quite well due to the construction of dams, it doesnt mean that everyone will profit from these altering opportunities. 2) Serve as a Source of Drinking Water. Turkish River Homepage, Photo [25] As of April 2014, the project is 60% complete while the resettlement of Hasankeyf is 73% complete. 0000050149 00000 n Over 12,000 people are expected to be affected by the dam. The first few chapters of the monograph set forth the context of the problem. How much power does the Ilisu Dam produce? This hinders the recovery of the Mesopotamian Marshes. 0000001547 00000 n Ataturk Dam, which stores 75% of the Euphrates water, with a capacity of 50 billion cubic meters equivalent which is as big as 650 Iranian dams and is also equivalent to half the capacity of the total water in Iran and Ilisu Dam with more than 10 billion resorvior, prevents 56% of Tigris water from entering the Hour-al-Azim in southwest Iran. Turkey stated that construction would start again in July 2009. 2. Nobody is keen on living his or her home just for the purposes of the construction of dams and it should be evaluated on an individual basis whether the benefits for society outweigh the negative effects for those people who have to give up their homes and their former lives. Before the 2006 ground-breaking ceremony, German, Swiss and Austrian export credit agencies had agreed to fund $610 million of the project. Because of this, the dam lost international funding in 2008. From this time on, I wanted to make a contribution to ensure a livable future for the next generations in every part of our beautiful planet. Beginning and Reasons. What is advantage and disadvantage of dam? Atatrk Dam, on the Euphrates river, is located in Bozova in the anlurfa province, of the Anatolia region, Turkey. However, deforestation is known to be quite harmful to our environment since large amounts of carbon dioxide are emitted into the air when forests are cleared. Thus, the construction of dams can be quite expensive and it might take a quite long time until the power that is generated with those dams can offset the tremendous construction costs. Canto is a digital asset management (DAM) software. Together with a severe drought that has afflicted the region for the past decade, this decline in the quantity and quality of Tigris River water is expected to strangle Iraqi agriculture and hobble the recovery of the Mesopotamian Marshes, vast wetlands in southern Iraq where Sumerian civilization began. 1) Provides Help to Retain our Water Supply. Its power station will be above ground and will contain 6 x 200 MW Francis turbine-generators with an expected annual generation of 3,833 GWh and gross hydraulic head of 122.6m (402ft). The Ilisu Dam has spurred international controversy since its inception with the Southeastern Anatolia Project, known in Turkey as GAP. Atatrk Dam 0000006036 00000 n 0000002887 00000 n [33] Impoundment began in late July 2019. There are several advantages to the Hoover Dam. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'environmental_conscience_com-leader-2','ezslot_11',190,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-leader-2-0');Thus, many jobs can be created through the construction of dams, which may be especially beneficial in areas where people suffer from high unemployment rates and urgently search for jobs in order to survive. The Ilisu Dam is the most recent in a long line of Turkish projects meant to tap into the hydroelectric potential of both the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and once completed the Ilisu Dam will generate 1,200 MW, or roughly 2% of Turkey's energy needs. A new dam and reservoir threatens to drown the city. Atatrk Dam in Turkey is one of the largest earth-and-rock fill dams in the world. In Turkeys Kurdish-dominated southeast, where Ilisu will inundate 300 historical sites and displace between 25,000 and 75,000 people, many people perceive the project as an effort to exert more control over the natural resources in the region and, by extension, the people who live near them and rely on them. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,600],'environmental_conscience_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_7',188,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0');This can lead to serious problems since in case of droughts, people may be quite helpless since they might not have enough water to survive without reservoirs from dams. The Ilisu Dam is 440 feet high and a mile wide. Large dams have the potential to save the country from critical food shortages. Especially in the Southern hemisphere of our planet where water will become an even scarcer resource due to global warming in the near future, dams may be quite important in order to ensure the water supply of farmers. An upcoming program will focus on what this might mean for fish populations. Master naturalists consider pros and cons of dam removal in Grand Rapids. The Hexagon satellite image has a resolution of 24 feet, enough detail to see the small village by the Tigris River. The Kurdish Human Rights Project, Friends [35], Completion of the Ilsu Dam caused the flooding of the majority of the ancient city of Hasankeyf, whose history stretches back over 10,000 years. [3][4] As part of the project, the much smaller Cizre Dam is to be constructed downstream for irrigation and power. These experts may also be quite rare and municipalities may have a hard time finding the right staff to operate those dams, especially in regions where education levels are rather low. Iraq hosts hundreds of thousands of Syrian refugees as well as millions of internally displaced Iraqis. If people are dependent on the water supply from reservoirs and dams, chances are that politicians will gain great power over them, which may lead to unpleasant outcomes in the long run if the government has the wrong intentions. The Ilisu Dams total installed power stands at 1,200 megawatts, making it Turkeys fourth-largest dam in terms of energy production. At our current point in time, the construction of dams can cost many billions of USD since it involves the use of large amounts of material. Built during the great depression. The most terrifying threat the Islamic State posed to the region in terms of water security was when it briefly took over Iraqs Mosul Dam, the largest hydroelectric dam on the Tigris River, for ten days in 2014. What are advantages and disadvantages of dams? 2) Disrupts Local Ecosystems. 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